Bilirubin Test

What is It?

The bilirubin test measures the level of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellow substance produced when your body breaks down old red blood cells. It is processed by your liver and then excreted in your stool. This test helps evaluate how well your liver is functioning and can provide information about various health conditions.

Why is the Bilirubin Test Important?

• It helps diagnose liver diseases, such as hepatitis or cirrhosis.

• It can indicate problems with bile ducts, which may lead to jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes).

• High levels of bilirubin can also suggest hemolytic anemia, where red blood cells break down too quickly.

Types of Bilirubin Measured

1. Total Bilirubin: This is the sum of both direct (conjugated) and indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin in your blood.

2. Direct Bilirubin: This is the form of bilirubin that has been processed by the liver and is water-soluble.

3. Indirect Bilirubin: This is the form that has not yet been processed by the liver and is fat-soluble.

What Do the Results Mean?

• Normal Levels:

1. Total Bilirubin: Usually less than 1.2 mg/dL.

2. Direct Bilirubin: Typically less than 0.3 mg/dL.

3. Indirect Bilirubin: The difference between total and direct bilirubin.

• High Levels:

4. Total Bilirubin: Levels higher than normal may indicate liver dysfunction, bile duct obstruction, or increased red blood cell breakdown.

5. Direct Bilirubin: Elevated levels can suggest liver diseases or bile duct issues.

6. Indirect Bilirubin: High levels may indicate hemolytic anemia or Gilbert's syndrome, a common and usually harmless condition.

What Should You Do Before the Test?

1. No special preparation is usually needed for the bilirubin test.

2. Let your doctor know about any medications or supplements you are taking, as some can affect bilirubin levels.

What Happens After the Test?

Your doctor will explain your results:

• If your bilirubin levels are high, they may recommend further tests to determine the underlying cause and assess your liver function.

• If the levels are normal, it usually indicates that your liver is functioning properly and there are no significant issues.

In summary, the bilirubin test is a simple blood test that helps assess liver health and diagnose various conditions by measuring the levels of bilirubin in your blood.